On June 13, UK-based international management consulting organization ECA International published a Cost of Living Index.

Leading this year’s ranking is the Turkmenistan capital of Central Asia. Next is and, these two Swiss cities often appear at the top of the list.

Next positions are Hong Kong (China), Basel (Switzerland), Bern (Switzerland), Tokyo (Japan), Seoul (South Korea), Tel Aviv (Israel) and Shanghai (China). ).

Iran’s capital Tehran is at the bottom of the list due to US sanctions against the country.

The biggest surprise in this year’s ranking is the drop of Caracas (Venezuela), from last year’s top position to 238th position this year. The cause of this drop is due to inflation of 1.3 million% in this South American country in 2018.

To give this rating, ECA International compared the prices of daily essential goods and services in 482 cities worldwide, including food, household and entertainment prices, clothes, as well as beer alcohol, cigarettes and some other items. However, some living expenses such as renting accommodation, utilities (electricity, gas and water), buying a car and tuition are not included.